Which type of radiation is characterized by having less energy and does not remove electrons?

Non-ionizing radiation is characterized by lower energy levels that are insufficient to remove tightly bound electrons from atoms or molecules. This type of radiation includes forms such as radio waves, microwaves, and visible light. In contrast to ionizing radiation, which has enough energy to ionize atoms and cause changes at the atomic and molecular levels, non-ionizing radiation interacts with matter in a way that can lead to heating effects but does not have the energy to alter the structural integrity of matter by ionization.

Understanding non-ionizing radiation is crucial, especially in biomedical contexts, as it is commonly used in many medical imaging techniques and therapies, such as MRI and ultrasound, where the safety and interaction mechanisms with biological tissues are important considerations.