Which device is primarily used to assess lung function by measuring inhalation and exhalation?

The spirometer is the device specifically designed to assess lung function by measuring the volume of air inhaled and exhaled by the lungs. It provides critical information about a patient's lung capacity and airflow, which is essential in diagnosing and monitoring respiratory conditions such as asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and other pulmonary disorders. The spirometer allows healthcare providers to evaluate the effectiveness of treatment and make informed decisions regarding patient care.

In contrast, a peak flow meter measures the maximum speed of expiration, but it does not analyze the total volume of air exchanged or the complete respiratory patterns. A pulse oximeter is used to measure the oxygen saturation of blood, which helps assess the efficiency of oxygen transfer but does not provide data on lung function in terms of air volume. A bronchoscope is an instrument used for visual examination of the airways and may involve procedures to collect samples or remove obstructions, but it is not designed to measure lung function directly.